LING 103 Introduction to English Linguistics ppt download

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Lecture times Room Tutorial times Room LING 103: INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LINGUISTICS Lecturer / tutor: Dr Keith Montgomery Office: Rm. 320 Arts 2; phone: ext Office hours: Monday Tuesday Lecture times Room Monday 13: : (Sci. Maths & Physics, Rm 102) Thursday 10: : (Biology Building, Rm 100) Tutorial times Room Monday : : G07 (Old Choral Hall, Room G07) Tuesday : : (1-11 Short Street, Room 332) Wednesday 16: :00 421W-501 (Architecture - West, Room 501) PRESCRIBED TEXT Kuiper, Koenraad and Scott Allan. An Introduction to English Language: Word, Sound and Sentence. 4th Ed.
LING 103 Introduction to English Linguistics 2017.
LING 103: INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LINGUISTICS. Lecturer / tutor: Dr Keith Montgomery. Office: Rm. 320 Arts 2; phone: ext Office hours: Monday Tuesday Lecture times Room. Monday 13: : (Sci. Maths & Physics, Rm 102) Thursday 10: : (Biology Building, Rm 100) Tutorial times Room. Monday 16: : G07 (Old Choral Hall, Room G07) Tuesday 10: : (1-11 Short Street, Room 332) Wednesday 16: :00 421W-501 (Architecture - West, Room 501) PRESCRIBED TEXT. Kuiper, Koenraad and Scott Allan. An Introduction to English Language: Word, Sound and Sentence. 4th Ed.
Tutorials will begin in WEEK 2 You are expected to take an active part in all tutorials Tutorial purpose is to refine lecture material by questioning discussion practical exercises
a. endlessly creative. b. recursive. c. exhibit displacement. We combine these traits (universals) in unique ways every day and create a range of expressions far beyond any other known system of animal communication. Can or will animals speak No. They lack. genetics. physiology. There just must be some way to mutate our FOX2P gene.
consider the following quotation. Language acquisition is doubtless the greatest intellectual feat any. one of us is ever required to perform. Leonard Bloomfield: Language (1933) We do not all perform this equally well. Amongst other things, your study of linguistics will give you tools to help others and to. teach language – either first or second. restore language – speech therapy etc. preserve language – record and preserve one of the many. endangered languages on the planet. – devise written forms for languages without them. create language – artificial languages, computer / speech recognition. software.
Written language Spoken language is: ‘Human communication using a range of sounds that speakers share, formed into units that are meaningful to the speakers, delivered in patterns that are accepted by the speakers’ The definition highlights four basic building blocks all spoken languages sounds = phonology formed = morphology in patterns = syntax meaningful = semantics .
Spoken vs. Written language Written language: ‘A written language is the representation of a spoken language by means of a commonly accepted writing system. Written language must be actively taught. No natural language is purely written’ Not all languages have a written form. Those that do find that their written language does not keep pace with their spoken form e.g. knight English spelling is littered with these relics of its older forms (the study of which falls under Historical Linguistics) Middle English /knɪxt/ > Modern English /naɪt/
What does linguistics involve Linguists investigate and record language. It is a truism that ALL languages constantly change overtime. Amongst other things, linguists look for: Innovations Long term changes How language is or was being used Linguistic research is descriptive. Description vs. Prescription The attempt to control how you use a language by ‘rules’ is a prescriptive approach to language. Typical prescriptive rules include; Do not use double negatives. Do not start a sentence with and, or, but etc. etc. The key difference A prescriptivist seeks to prevent or correct your language ‘errors.’ Linguists investigate what you are saying and how and perhaps why you are saying it. They do not prescribe what you should or should not say.
Speakers of all languages know a lot about their languages, usually without knowing that they know it! Exercise 1: With your neighbour, read the sentence below aloud and decide how many individual sounds are used to create it. Divide them into consonant and vowel sounds. The aardvark is a medium–sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. Total number of sounds _______. In this total, there are different consonants and different vowels. Surprise! In total, English speakers use up to 44 individual sounds (24 consonants and 20 vowels) which we try to represent with an alphabet of just 26 letters. 55 – 59 depending on your accent (dialect)
Morphology. Exercise 2. How many individual meaningful items are used to create the sentence The aardvark is a medium–sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. For most people, there are about 15 meaningful items. Meaningful Less obvious meanings other examples. The = a definite thing. aardvark. is singular, third person, present tense it/he/she eats ants. a = one of the type the lion is a cat etc. medium. size + -ed = noun > adjective (pointed stick, left handed etc.) burrow + -ing = verb > adjective (running water, sleeping cat etc.) nocturne + al = noun > adjective (cranial, basal etc.) mammal. native. to. Africa.
For example, in the sentence above aardvark = aarde ‘earth’ + vark ‘pig’ (Afrikaans) native = nat- + -ive nat- = ‘birth / life’ (nation, natal, nature etc.) Should I panic because I was unaware of some /any of this stuff today. In short, NO. The depth of analysis we undertook in the exercises above is specialised knowledge for most people. By the end of LING 103, you will have the knowledge of language structure to readily perform this kind of task.