The thoracic spine is the second segment of the vertebral column, located between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae. It consists of twelve vertebrae, which are separated by fibrocartilaginous intervertebral discs. As part of the bony thorax, the thoracic vertebrae help protect the internal viscera – such as the heart, lungs and oesophagus. This article will look at the osteology of the thoracic vertebrae, examining their characteristic features, joints and their clinical correlations.
Biomechanics of thoracic spine ppt
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