The influence of knee position on ankle dorsiflexion - a biometric study, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background Musculus gastrocnemius tightness (MGT) can be diagnosed by comparing ankle dorsiflexion (ADF) with the knee extended and flexed. Although various measurement techniques exist, the degree of knee flexion needed to eliminate the effect of the gastrocnemius on ADF is still unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the minimal degree of knee flexion required to eliminate the restricting effect of the musculus gastrocnemius on ADF. Methods Bilateral ADF of 20 asymptomatic volunteers aged 18-40 years (50% female) was assessed prospectively at six different degrees of knee flexion (0°, 20°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, Lunge). Tests were performed following a standardized protocol, non weightbearing and weightbearing, by two observers. Statistics comprised of descriptive statistics, t-tests, repeated measurement ANOVA and ICC. Results 20 individuals with a mean age of 27 ± 4 years were tested. No significant side to side differences were observed. The average ADF [95% confidence interval] for non weightbearing was 4° [1°-8°] with the knee extended and 20° [16°-24°] for the knee 75° flexed. Mean weightbearing ADF was 25° [22°-28°] for the knee extended and 39° [36°-42°] for the knee 75° flexed. The mean differences between 20° knee flexion and full extension were 15° [12°-18°] non weightbearing and 13° [11°-16°] weightbearing. Significant differences of ADF were only found between full extension and 20° of knee flexion. Further knee flexion did not increase ADF. Conclusion Knee flexion of 20° fully eliminates the ADF restraining effect of the gastrocnemius. This knowledge is essential to design a standardized clinical examination assessing MGT.

Longitudinal Evaluation of Hemiplegic Ankle Rehabilitation Efficacy by Wearable Inertial Sensor Systems with an Assortment of Machine Learning Algorithms

Measurement of the ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in a closed

The influence of knee position on ankle dorsiflexion - a biometric study

Variations of lower-limb joint kinematics associated with the use of different ankle joint models - ScienceDirect

PDF) Validity and Reliability of the Achillometer®: An Ankle Dorsiflexion Measurement Device

Back foot influence on dorsiflexion using three different

The effects of alignment of an articulated ankle-foot orthosis on lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics during gait in individuals post-stroke - ScienceDirect

体能资讯｜下肢肌肉延展性测试-给私人教练的回顾_手机搜狐网

PDF] Measurement of ankle dorsiflexion: a comparison of active and passive techniques in multiple positions.

Ankle dorsiflexion: what is normal? Development of a decision pathway for diagnosing impaired ankle dorsiflexion and M. gastrocnemius tightness

PDF) Effect of subtalar joint position on the measurement of maximum ankle dorsiflexic