A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus (a network of small veins in the spermatic cord).
JCM, Free Full-Text
Testicular/Scrotal Doppler Protocol – Sonographic Tendencies
Easy do it yourself Grading of Varicocele
Figure 8 from Scrotal ultrasound in adults.
Vascular Diseases of the Testis
Testicular/Scrotal Doppler Protocol – Sonographic Tendencies
J. Imaging, Free Full-Text
Varicocele – Sonographic Tendencies
Nutcracker syndrome - Wikipedia
Unknown Case #18 – Pediatric Scrotal Ultrasound –
Veterinary Sciences, Free Full-Text