Dynamic feed spacer for fouling minimization in forward osmosis

Numerical analysis of spacer impacts on forward osmosis membrane process using concentration polarization index - ScienceDirect

Engineered osmosis – sustainable technology for water recovery, product concentration and energy generation - Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology (RSC Publishing) DOI:10.1039/D2EW00005A

Impacts of non-uniform filament feed spacers characteristics on the hydraulic and anti-fouling performances in the spacer-filled membrane channels: Experiment and numerical simulation - ScienceDirect

A comprehensive review of forward osmosis and niche applications - Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology (RSC Publishing) DOI:10.1039/D0EW00181C

Direct Microscopic Observation of Forward Osmosis Membrane Fouling

Numerical analysis of permeate flux in reverse osmosis by varying strand geometry

Sustainability, Free Full-Text

Research progress in external field intensification of forward osmosis process for water treatment: A critical review - ScienceDirect

Water, Free Full-Text